Cauliflower is one of the vegetables that everyone eats regularly. For broccoli growers, broccoli is best suited for cool and humid climates, and its heat and cold resistance are not as good as cabbage. The seed germination temperature is 15-18 ° C, the vegetative growth temperature is 20-25 ° C, and the temperature for promoting flower ball differentiation is 10-15 ° C. How does the broccoli carry out seedbed and water and fertilizer management? Here is a detailed introduction to the management of broccoli seedbed and water and fertilizer.
(1) Cauliflower sowing period and seedling age: The sowing date and variety characteristics of broccoli are extremely close. At present, broccoli in the Yangtze River Basin has formed an annual production due to the reasonable combination of varieties, but mainly in spring and autumn. The annual production sowing period is: early maturity in mid-June, 25-day seedling age; mid-maturing species from late June to July, mid-July, seedling age 30-35 days; late-maturing seeds in July, seedling age 35-60 days (There are differences between different varieties). Spring cauliflower is sown from October to December, and the age of the seedling varies from species to species, with a maximum of 90 days. The south of China is hot in summer and warm in winter, and can be planted at any time from July to November. Spring planting early maturing varieties can be delayed until 1-2 months of sowing, the seedling age is about 35 days.
Before sowing in summer and autumn, the seeds can be immersed in cold water for about 1 hour, then removed and dried to promote quick and tidy emergence.
(2) Management of seedling bed of broccoli: Spring sowing should raise seedlings in the hotbed to raise the temperature of the seedbed. Summer and autumn broadcasts require seedlings under the shade net to try to reduce the temperature. Promote the use of rain-proof seedlings.
1 Temperature management: The seedling stage is suitable for a ground temperature of about 20 °C. After emergence, the ground temperature drops below 18 °C, the daytime temperature is about 25 °C, and the nighttime is 8-10 °C. The temperature of the seedlings was increased to 18-20 °C during the slow seedling period, and the temperature was restored to the pre-emergence standard after the seedlings were slowed down.
2 Water and fertilizer management: If the soil is at the bottom of the soil after sowing, it can no longer be watered before emergence; otherwise, it should be sprayed on the covering such as straw curtain and sunshade. After emergence, the soil is watered. It should be carried out in the morning and in the evening, and the foot should be poured once and covered with fine soil. After the seedlings are moved, the nitrogen fertilizer is applied once, and when 4-5 true leaves are used, the nitrogen fertilizer can be applied once more as appropriate. Top dressing can be combined with watering. 15-20 days after sowing, when there are 3-4 true leaves, the seedlings will be transplanted according to the size of the seedlings (the fake early maturing species will be moved to the nutrient bowl, and the middle and late mature seeds must be moved to the shade shelter in the summer and autumn, with a spacing of 7-10 cm. The time from transplanting to planting is as follows: early maturity for 10 days, 5-6 tablets for true leaf colonization; medium and late mature seeds for 20-25 days, 7-8 true leaves for colonization.
The seedlings are shorter, the petioles are shorter, the leaves are elliptical and larger, and the leaves of the seedlings are disc-shaped for strong seedlings. The leaves are sparse, the stalk is long, and the leaves are long and thin.
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