Ms. Tian of Donggang City, Liaoning Province asked: A small plot of rice was planted in Datian for rice breeding. Only 12 kg of diammonium per mu was applied. As a result, the seedlings were generally yellow. What is the reason? What should I do?
A: Miao hair yellow is likely to be lack of fertilizer, especially caused by nitrogen deficiency. The nursery should use fertile soil and increase the application of organic fertilizer. The amount of chemical fertilizer is also much higher than that of the transplanted field. The fertilizer applied by Ms. Tian is strong enough, the nitrogen is seriously insufficient, and the potassium fertilizer is not applied. Since no organic fertilizer is applied, trace elements may also be lacking. It is recommended to apply 10 kg of urea per acre, or a mixture of ammonium sulfate, ammonium bicarbonate, and 5 to 10 kg of potassium sulfate. If there are symptoms such as shrinkage disease, spray zinc sulfate or multi-micro-fertilizer according to the instructions.
Mr. Wu from Jiansanjiang Farm in Heilongjiang asked: In the past, the newly planted soybeans were planted with diammonium. Now, the application of diammonium does not work. What is going on? Is there a problem with fertilizer?
A: It is not a problem with fertilizers, but improper use of fertilizers. The soil fertility of the newly developed land is higher, and the application of diammonium is enough. However, the soil fertility has been declining for many years, and the light diammonium will be deficient in nitrogen and potassium. It is recommended that diammonium can continue to be applied but nitrogen and potassium fertilizers must be properly applied and prevent post-fertilization.
Ms. Li of Nanyang City, Henan Province asked: When purchasing compound fertilizer, it is very important to consider its solubility, but it is often neglected whether the ratio of nutrient distribution is correct. What is the difference in the solubility of different fertilizers?
A: Generally speaking, chemical fertilizers are easily soluble in water, so the fertilizer efficiency is faster, which is the characteristics and advantages of chemical fertilizers. Among them, nitrogen fertilizer is the most soluble, followed by potassium fertilizer, and phosphate fertilizer is secondarily divided into water soluble, weak acid soluble and poorly soluble. The solubility of compound fertilizer depends on the composition of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and the characteristics of processing materials. Generally, the higher the proportion of nitrogen and potassium, the easier it is to dissolve.
Ms. Guo of Wuhu City, Anhui Province asked: When the greenhouse melon was transplanted, the high-tower granulation compound fertilizer was applied. The ratio of NPK was 30:5:5. As a result, the lower leaves were burned. Is this a fake fertilizer?
A: It is not a fake fertilizer. Leaf burns are caused by improper fertilizer. The high tower melt granulation compound fertilizer has high urea content, good water solubility, quick effect, but easy to burn seedlings. When applying, separate from the seedlings, or mix well with the soil, and open the shed in a timely manner to ventilate, otherwise ammonia poisoning may occur easily, and the lower leaves or flowers may be burned.
Mr. Lan of Dezhou City, Shandong Province asked: Greenhouse cucumbers use general-purpose compound fertilizer for fertilization, fertilizer does not dissolve, and the seedlings cannot grow up. What is going on?
A: It is not the right fertilizer to use. High-nitrogen potassium compound fertilizer should be used. This fertilizer has good water-solubility, and the nutrient distribution ratio is suitable for the nutrient characteristics and the characteristics of flushing fertilizer in the fruiting stage of cucumber. It can be dissolved with water after solubilization, and can be covered with soil after ditch application.
Mr. Zhao from Weishi County, Henan Province: How do the solanaceous vegetables grow in winter?
Answer: The winter seedlings of solanaceous vegetables should pay attention to the selection of bed soil with good permeability, apply sufficient base fertilizer and heat preservation, and make the seedlings strong and grow fast is the basis for prevention and treatment of rickets and blight. 30% of carbendazim (soil fungus) 3~4 ml, 3 liters of water, 1 square meter of bed soil, Phytophthora can be used 64% antivirus cockroach (fond cream) 120~170 grams, 50 kg water Prevention and treatment. The control of aphids can be used with pyrethroid pesticides or acetamiprid. Roots and yellow seedlings are often due to excessive moisture, so pay attention to the bed to see dry and wet.
Mr. Zhang from Huainan County, Anhui Province asked: Which effect is good for urea and ammonium nitrogen fertilizer?
A: Which of the two nitrogen fertilizers is better depends on whether you use them reasonably. The urea concentration is high, and it should be converted into ammonium nitrogen after 3 to 5 days under the action of microorganisms. Crops are difficult to absorb and use before conversion and are not easily retained by the soil. Therefore, the amount of urea should not be too large, and do not immediately fill the water after application, and it is not possible to flood the water. However, ammonium nitrogen fertilizer is easy to volatilize when it is applied to calcareous soil or when it encounters alkaline substances, so it should be applied in depth and covered after application.
Mr. Zhou from Jingzhou City, Hubei Province: Why is calcium calcium acidic? Can you make foliar fertilizer?
Answer: Calcium is a quick-acting phosphate fertilizer obtained by decomposing phosphate rock with sulfuric acid. The product contains a small amount of free acid, so it is acidic. Because it is a water-soluble phosphate fertilizer, the free acid content in the product is strictly limited and can be used as a foliar fertilizer. For example, spraying 1% to 3% of the calcium solution in wheat, corn, rice, etc., spraying 0.5% of the calcium solution on cotton, tomato, cucumber, sweet potato, etc., can increase the yield and quality of the crop. The spraying time is mainly in the late stage or before and after flowering.
(Senior Consultant of Sinofert Company, Professor of China Agricultural University Wang Xingren)
Farmers Daily
A: Miao hair yellow is likely to be lack of fertilizer, especially caused by nitrogen deficiency. The nursery should use fertile soil and increase the application of organic fertilizer. The amount of chemical fertilizer is also much higher than that of the transplanted field. The fertilizer applied by Ms. Tian is strong enough, the nitrogen is seriously insufficient, and the potassium fertilizer is not applied. Since no organic fertilizer is applied, trace elements may also be lacking. It is recommended to apply 10 kg of urea per acre, or a mixture of ammonium sulfate, ammonium bicarbonate, and 5 to 10 kg of potassium sulfate. If there are symptoms such as shrinkage disease, spray zinc sulfate or multi-micro-fertilizer according to the instructions.
Mr. Wu from Jiansanjiang Farm in Heilongjiang asked: In the past, the newly planted soybeans were planted with diammonium. Now, the application of diammonium does not work. What is going on? Is there a problem with fertilizer?
A: It is not a problem with fertilizers, but improper use of fertilizers. The soil fertility of the newly developed land is higher, and the application of diammonium is enough. However, the soil fertility has been declining for many years, and the light diammonium will be deficient in nitrogen and potassium. It is recommended that diammonium can continue to be applied but nitrogen and potassium fertilizers must be properly applied and prevent post-fertilization.
Ms. Li of Nanyang City, Henan Province asked: When purchasing compound fertilizer, it is very important to consider its solubility, but it is often neglected whether the ratio of nutrient distribution is correct. What is the difference in the solubility of different fertilizers?
A: Generally speaking, chemical fertilizers are easily soluble in water, so the fertilizer efficiency is faster, which is the characteristics and advantages of chemical fertilizers. Among them, nitrogen fertilizer is the most soluble, followed by potassium fertilizer, and phosphate fertilizer is secondarily divided into water soluble, weak acid soluble and poorly soluble. The solubility of compound fertilizer depends on the composition of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and the characteristics of processing materials. Generally, the higher the proportion of nitrogen and potassium, the easier it is to dissolve.
Ms. Guo of Wuhu City, Anhui Province asked: When the greenhouse melon was transplanted, the high-tower granulation compound fertilizer was applied. The ratio of NPK was 30:5:5. As a result, the lower leaves were burned. Is this a fake fertilizer?
A: It is not a fake fertilizer. Leaf burns are caused by improper fertilizer. The high tower melt granulation compound fertilizer has high urea content, good water solubility, quick effect, but easy to burn seedlings. When applying, separate from the seedlings, or mix well with the soil, and open the shed in a timely manner to ventilate, otherwise ammonia poisoning may occur easily, and the lower leaves or flowers may be burned.
Mr. Lan of Dezhou City, Shandong Province asked: Greenhouse cucumbers use general-purpose compound fertilizer for fertilization, fertilizer does not dissolve, and the seedlings cannot grow up. What is going on?
A: It is not the right fertilizer to use. High-nitrogen potassium compound fertilizer should be used. This fertilizer has good water-solubility, and the nutrient distribution ratio is suitable for the nutrient characteristics and the characteristics of flushing fertilizer in the fruiting stage of cucumber. It can be dissolved with water after solubilization, and can be covered with soil after ditch application.
Mr. Zhao from Weishi County, Henan Province: How do the solanaceous vegetables grow in winter?
Answer: The winter seedlings of solanaceous vegetables should pay attention to the selection of bed soil with good permeability, apply sufficient base fertilizer and heat preservation, and make the seedlings strong and grow fast is the basis for prevention and treatment of rickets and blight. 30% of carbendazim (soil fungus) 3~4 ml, 3 liters of water, 1 square meter of bed soil, Phytophthora can be used 64% antivirus cockroach (fond cream) 120~170 grams, 50 kg water Prevention and treatment. The control of aphids can be used with pyrethroid pesticides or acetamiprid. Roots and yellow seedlings are often due to excessive moisture, so pay attention to the bed to see dry and wet.
Mr. Zhang from Huainan County, Anhui Province asked: Which effect is good for urea and ammonium nitrogen fertilizer?
A: Which of the two nitrogen fertilizers is better depends on whether you use them reasonably. The urea concentration is high, and it should be converted into ammonium nitrogen after 3 to 5 days under the action of microorganisms. Crops are difficult to absorb and use before conversion and are not easily retained by the soil. Therefore, the amount of urea should not be too large, and do not immediately fill the water after application, and it is not possible to flood the water. However, ammonium nitrogen fertilizer is easy to volatilize when it is applied to calcareous soil or when it encounters alkaline substances, so it should be applied in depth and covered after application.
Mr. Zhou from Jingzhou City, Hubei Province: Why is calcium calcium acidic? Can you make foliar fertilizer?
Answer: Calcium is a quick-acting phosphate fertilizer obtained by decomposing phosphate rock with sulfuric acid. The product contains a small amount of free acid, so it is acidic. Because it is a water-soluble phosphate fertilizer, the free acid content in the product is strictly limited and can be used as a foliar fertilizer. For example, spraying 1% to 3% of the calcium solution in wheat, corn, rice, etc., spraying 0.5% of the calcium solution on cotton, tomato, cucumber, sweet potato, etc., can increase the yield and quality of the crop. The spraying time is mainly in the late stage or before and after flowering.
(Senior Consultant of Sinofert Company, Professor of China Agricultural University Wang Xingren)
Farmers Daily
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