In the process of planting corn, there are often pests and diseases , which seriously threaten the quality and yield of corn. Then, what are the common pests and diseases of summer corn? How to prevent summer corn, pests and diseases? Let’s see it together!
Types of corn pests and diseases
Corn pests and diseases include corn borer, armyworm, cotton bollworm, aphid, and corn leafhopper.
1. Corn glutinous rice: Corn carp is commonly known as the heartworm, which belongs to the order Lepidoptera and cockroach, and is the main pest of corn. It can damage various parts of the corn plant. Corn borer generally occurs in 2-4 generations a year, with high temperature, low altitude and high algebra. Adults have nocturnal activity, strong flying ability, phototaxis, life expectancy of 5-10 days, like to lay eggs on both sides of the midrib on the back of corn leaves that are more than 50 cm above the ground. After hatching, the larvae gather at the beginning and then crawl in the young part of the plant and begin to harm. The newly hatched larvae can sag and sag, and the wind falls to the neighboring plants to form a hazard.
2, sticky insects: sticky insects commonly known as ugly, silkworm, is a Lepidoptera. It is the main pest of food crops and pasture crops, and it is serious to harm corn. Mythimna is a polyphagous, migratory, and fulminant pest. The occurrence of sticky insects is closely related to temperature and humidity. Generally, the optimum temperature for laying eggs of adults is 19-25 °C, and egg laying is affected at 30 °C. In addition, the greater the humidity, the more favorable it is for adults to lay eggs, especially in the climatic conditions of cloudy and interlaced, rainy and high humidity, which is not only beneficial to adult eggs, but also beneficial to egg hatching and larval survival.
3, cotton bollworm: belongs to the order Lepidoptera, Noctuidae. Alias, heartworm, cotton boll, etc.
4, corn mites: can damage a variety of grass crops and weeds. In the seedling stage, the mites and nymphs are clustered in the heart, and the ear is damaged after heading, absorbing juice, hindering growth, and spreading a variety of grassy cereal viruses. Its secretions stick pollen and affect loose powder. In addition, it can spread the disease of corn dwarf mosaic virus, resulting in different degrees of yield reduction.
5, corn leafhopper: commonly known as red spider, can harm a variety of crops, with sputum and scorpion sucking host leaf tissue sap, the damaged leaves from yellow to white and die, affecting the corn filling process, resulting in 1000-grain weight decline, resulting in reduced production .
Summer corn pest weed control measures
At present, summer maize enters the sowing period. In order to reduce the use of chemical pesticides, the technical points of pest control are as follows:
1. Seed coating This is an effective means to prevent seed transmission, soil-borne diseases and underground pests, and at the same time reduce the use of drugs in the later stages. In combination with the occurrence characteristics of pests and diseases in the region, the types and contents of coating agents should be selected in a targeted manner to ensure the control effect.
2, weed control according to soil moisture science to choose weed control methods, such as summer corn planting after more rain, soil moisture is good, recommended closed weeding; if less rainfall, soil moisture is poor, recommended stem and leaf weeding. For closed treatment, use 40% B. saponin suspension or 300% 40% isopropyl oxalate suspension per acre; use 4% nicosulfuron oil suspension 40 ml plus 38% per acre. Go to Tianjin suspension 70 ml.
3, seedling stage pest control When the armyworm reaches the control index, it can be combined with the post-emergence weeding of corn for prevention and control. Control lepidopteran pests such as armyworms can be controlled with 4.5% beta-cypermethrin EC or 48% chlorpyrifos EC; 10% imidacloprid wettable powder or 1.8% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate or 25% thiamethoxam water can be used for control of thrips at seedling stage Dispersing granules.
4. In the middle and late stages of pest control, corn mites can be released and released in the early stage of adult spawning. The release amount is 10,000 heads per mu, usually released once, and individual corn sorghum can be released twice. . At the end of the heart leaf, spray the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) preparation or use chlorantraniliprole, thiamethoxam and other agents to properly mix and spray with the vitamin A salt to improve the control effect and treat various other pests. Leaf spot disease control can be sprayed with difenoconazole or diniconazole, pyraclostrobin, Jinggangmycin A and other agents in the corn flare period, and spray again 1 to 10 days depending on the incidence. .
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