For the variety selection, it is advisable to use winter and spring double-breed varieties with short growth period, large grain, quick emergence and early growth.
Appropriate early sowing to select the field with a relatively long maturity of single-season late rice and a relatively large area with wide radiation area. The sowing time is generally selected after the harvest of the single-season late rice, probably from October 25th to November 15th, and no later than November 20th. The suitable sowing date is from September 25th to October 25th. In the case of permission, plant as early as possible.
Suitable for planting rice sputum to make sputum. Do a good job in water slurry management in the late paddy field to keep the field dry and wet. When the weather is dry, the horses are irrigated for about 1 week before the rice is allowed to keep the sputum. The height of rice stubble is about 10 cm, and the straw in the field is removed, and the height of the pad is lowered to prevent stagnant water in the pond. Rice should be planted as early as possible, early emergence and early emergence. Before the suitable sowing, the dry crops should be cleaned up in the field to remove the weed residues in the field, and the base fertilizer should be applied. Grasp effective precipitation and appropriate sensation, and promptly rush to sow. At the same time, a set of ditch in the field is pre-opened before sowing, and the width is generally 2.5 meters.
Fine sowing generally has a seeding rate of 0.3~0.4 kg per acre. The early sowing and fertility fields can reduce the seeding amount appropriately. The suitable planting density per acre is generally 20,000 to 30,000. The seeding row spacing is generally 40 cm and the sowing depth is 1 to 2 cm.
At present, there are two methods for live broadcast of rapeseed. One is to use the special planter for rapeseed, and the other is to use the rice and wheat seed drill to make appropriate adjustments. Such as 2BY-3 type rapeseed fine live broadcast machine, 2BYF-6 type rapeseed no-till live broadcast machine, Yunma brand rapeseed live broadcast machine.
When planting, open the slower gear, and pay attention to adjust the seed flow rate of the seeding nozzle to ensure proper sowing. At the same time, while rotating and cultivating, the depth of rotary tillage is kept at 1~1.5 cm.
Chemical regulation and chemical regulation is an important technical measure for mechanical direct broadcast of rapeseed against freezing, lodging resistance and high yield. Commonly used 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder 30 ~ 40 grams per acre 30 kg of water spray, generally applied 7 to 14 days before the winter solstice.
After the emergence of Miao Ding Miao seedlings, and the early seedlings, the standard of seedlings is “to remove dense and dense, to stay mixed and pure, to weaken and stay strong, to stay sick and stay healthyâ€, and to check whether there is a lack of broken ridges, and transplant the emptying as soon as possible. The seedlings are fixed at 4~5 leaves, and the density is controlled at 20,000 to 30,000 plants per mu. The early planting period can appropriately reduce the density, and the seeding period can be increased appropriately, and the seedling density during the best sowing period is 25,000.
Reasonable fertilization and heavy application of base seedling fertilizer, generally 40 kg of high-concentration compound fertilizer and 10 kg of urea per acre. In the flowering stage, combined with the prevention and treatment of sclerotinia, the conditions are allowed to be sprayed with boron, potassium and molybdenum, and mixed with medicine and fertilizer to prevent disease and prevent premature aging.
Prevention and control of pests and diseases
Treatment of aphids, yellow-striped beetles and cabbage caterpillars, focusing on the prevention and treatment of sclerotinia. Spray 50 ml of water with 50 ml of 40% glyphosate emulsifiable concentrate per acre before planting or manually remove field weeds. After sowing and emergence, in the grass age 3~4 leaf stage, use 5% high-efficiency quizalofol EC 60-70 ml or 10.8% high-efficiency flupirtine 30 ml to spray grass 30~40 kg evenly to control grass weeds. Fields dominated by broadleaf weeds should be sprayed with 50 ml of water 50 kg after 30% of the rapeseed suspension. After the spring (mid-February), the field with more weeds was removed for the second time.
The mechanical cutting machine is suitable for sun-cutting. The main inflorescence leaves are basically de-lighted. The main inflorescence of the plant is more than 70% yellow. The middle and lower pods of the main inflorescence are intrinsic color of the variety, and the branching pods start to retreat at 80%. The main inflorescence angle The grain moisture content of the fruit is about 35%, which is the best cutting season. The cutting time is about 7 days. The cutting height is 30~40 cm, the seeding thickness is 25~35 cm, and the width is about 1.5 m. After cutting for 7 to 10 days, when the water content of the seed is reduced to 12% to 15%, the combine harvester is used to pick up the threshing.
One-time combined harvesting method, harvesting time is slightly later than cutting. Generally, when the rapeseed is transferred to the ripening stage, more than 90% of the fruit angles are yellow, more than 80% of the grain color becomes black, and the water content of the plant pods decreases. The water content is reduced to 15% to 20%, and harvesting is best when the canopy is slightly lifted.
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