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This first space nuclear power plant, considering producing electricity to supply manned or unmanned bases on the moon, Mars and other planets, this nuclear power plant looks really like it came from outer space, this is the leader of this project, He spoke at the 242nd National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society (ACS).
James E. According to James E. Werner, the innovative fission technology for surface power applications is far different from the familiar terrestrial nuclear power plants that occupy large areas of land and have large buildings such as cooling towers.
Werner said: “People will never use the fission power system as a nuclear reactor. The reactor itself is about 1 1/2 feet wide and 2 1/2 feet high, about the size of a carry-on suitcase. There is no cooling tower. The fission power system is A compact, reliable, and secure system, which is essential for the establishment of outposts or resident sites on other planets, fission power technology for the Earth and the moon, Mars, or NASA's view of the need for continuous power supply Other places."
The research team plans to build a technical demonstration unit in 2012. This is a cooperative project between NASA and the Department of Energy (DOE). Werner led the Department of Energy's Idaho National Laboratory to participate in this work, including participating in reactor design and modeling teams, fuel development and preparation, and developing a small electric pump for liquids. Metal cooling system.
In the past, sunlight and fuel cells were important pillars of power generation for space missions, but engineers realized that solar energy has its limitations. Solar cells are excellent in the supply of near-Earth orbit and on-board equipment, but nuclear power has some unique features that can support manned outposts on other planets or satellites.
"The biggest difference between solar and nuclear reactors is that nuclear reactors can generate electricity in any environment," Warner explained. "Fission power generation technology is not dependent on sunlight, which allows it to produce a large amount of stable electricity, suitable for nighttime or harsh environments, such as the environment seen on the Moon or Mars. The fission power system on the moon can generate more than 40 kilowatts of electricity. It is roughly equivalent to the electricity needed to supply eight families on Earth.†In addition, he said, fission power systems can operate in different locations, such as craters, canyons or caves.
Werner said: "The main point is that nuclear power has the ability to provide a power-rich environment to serve astronaut or scientific synthesis projects anywhere in our solar system, and this technology is mature, affordable and safe to use. â€
The energy that the fission power system relies on is generated by nuclear fission. Nuclear fission operation will split uranium atoms to generate heat, and then convert heat into electricity. The main components of fission power systems are similar to those found in commercial reactors currently used: heat sources, power conversion, heat dissipation, and power conditioning and distribution.
Werner added that despite the similarities in components, the function of the fission power system used in space is still quite different from that of commercial reactors.
"Although the physical principles are the same, its low power level, reactor control, and materials used to reflect neutrons back to the core are completely different," Warner said. "Weight is also an important factor that must be minimized in space reactors, but commercial reactors are not considered."
Werner argued that once this technology has been developed and validated, it may prove to be one of the most affordable and versatile options for powering resident bases for space exploration projects.
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