Composition and Properties of Glass Fibers Glass used for producing glass fibers is different from glass of other glass products. At present, the glass composition for fibers that have been commercialized internationally is as follows:
1. E-glass, also known as alkali-free glass, is a kind of borosilicate glass. At present, it is the most widely used glass component for glass fiber, has good electrical insulation and mechanical properties, is widely used in the production of glass fiber for electrical insulation, and is also widely used in the production of fiberglass for glass fiber reinforced plastics. Its disadvantage is that it is vulnerable to Inorganic acids attack, it is not suitable for use in acidic environments.
2. C-glass, also known as alkali glass, is characterized by chemical resistance, especially acid resistance is better than non-alkali glass, but poor electrical properties, mechanical strength is lower than the alkali-free glass fiber 10% to 20%, usually abroad Alkali glass fiber contains a certain amount of boron trioxide, while China's alkali glass fiber is completely free of boron. In foreign countries, alkali glass fiber is only used for the production of corrosion-resistant glass fiber products, such as for the production of glass fiber surface mats, also used to enhance asphalt roofing materials, but in China, alkali fiberglass fiber accounted for more than half of the glass fiber production (60%) is widely used for the reinforcement of glass fiber reinforced plastics, as well as the production of filter fabrics, wrapping fabrics, etc., because its personality is lower than that of non-alkali glass fibers and it has a stronger competitiveness.
3, high-strength glass fiber is characterized by high strength, high modulus, its tensile strength of single fiber is 2800MPa, about 25% higher than alkali-free glass fiber tensile strength, elastic modulus 86000MPa, than the strength of E-glass fiber high. The fiberglass products produced with them are used in military, space, armor, and sports equipment. However, because of its high price, it has not been widely promoted in terms of civilian use. The world production is about several thousand tons.
4, AR glass fiber, also known as alkali-resistant glass fiber, is mainly developed for cement.
5, A glass also known as high alkali glass, is a typical sodium silicate glass, due to poor water resistance, rarely used to produce glass fiber.
6, E-CR glass is an improved boron-free alkali-free glass for the production of good acid and water resistance glass fiber, its water resistance than alkali-free glass fiber to improve 7-8 times, acid resistance than alkali glass fiber also It has a lot of advantages and is a new product developed for underground pipelines and storage tanks.
7. D glass, also known as low-dielectric glass, is used to produce low-dielectric glass fibers with good dielectric strength.
In addition to the above glass fiber components, a new type of alkali-free glass fiber has appeared in recent years. It is completely free of boron, thereby reducing environmental pollution, but its electrical insulating properties and mechanical properties are similar to those of conventional E glass. There is also a glass fiber with a double glass composition that has been used in the production of glass wool, and it is also said that it has potential in glass fiber reinforced material. In addition, fluorine-free glass fiber is an improved alkali-free glass fiber developed for environmental protection.
Variety and Application of Fiberglass Products 1. Rovings without rovings are made from bundles of parallel or parallel monofilaments. Rovings based on glass can be divided into: non-alkali glass rovings and medium-alkali glass rovings. The diameter of glass fiber used for producing glass roving ranges from 12 to 23 μm. The number of rovings is from 150 to 9600 (tex). Rovings can be used directly in certain composite process forming methods, such as winding and pultrusion processes. Because of their even tension, they can also be woven into roving fabrics. In some applications, rovings are further chopped. .
(1) Roving without rovings Rovings suitable for fiberglass injection molding should have the following properties: 1 good cutting performance, low static electricity generated when continuous high-speed cutting; 2 non-woven roving after cutting and dispersing into strands High efficiency, that is, high splitting rate, usually more than 90%; 3 chopped after the original silk has excellent overmolding, can be covered in all corners of the mold; 4 resin soaked fast, easy roll and roll Easy to drive out bubbles; 5 original silk drum with good retreat performance, uniform coarse yarn density, suitable for various spray guns and fiber conveying systems. Jet rovings are made from multiple strands of raw silk, each strand containing 200 glass filaments.
(2) SMC Roving SMC is a sheet molding compound, mainly used for pressing automotive parts, bathtubs, water tank panels, septic tanks, and various seats. The SMC roving used in the manufacture of SMC sheet must be cut into lin (25mm) length, dispersed in the resin paste, so the requirements for the SMC roving without roving is good chopped, low hairiness, excellent antistatic properties The chopped thread does not adhere to the knife roll when cutting. For pigmented SMCs, rovings are to be impregnated with resin in high pigmented resin pastes. Usually SMC rovings are generally 2400 tex, and in some cases also 4800 tex.
(3) Winding The roving non-winding method is used to produce various glass fiber reinforced plastics, tanks, etc. The number of winding rovings used is from No. 1200 to No. 9600. Winding large pipes and tanks tends to direct roving, such as direct roving of 4800 tex. The requirements for the roving non-winding rovings are as follows: 1 The ribbon is good and has a flat ribbon shape; 2) The roving has good decompounding properties; it does not detach from the bobbin and does not form a "bird's nest" shape; 3 Uniform tension, no drape; 4 wire density is uniform, generally less than ± 7%; 5 no roving has good permeability, and it is easy to moisturize and penetrate the resin when passing through the resin tank.
(4) Pultruded pultruded pultruded ropes are used to produce a wide range of sections with consistent profiles. They are characterized by high glass fiber content and high strength in one direction. The pultruded rovings can be multifilament yarns combined or direct rovings with a linear density ranging from 1100 to 4400. The various performance requirements are about the same as those for winding a roving.
1. E-glass, also known as alkali-free glass, is a kind of borosilicate glass. At present, it is the most widely used glass component for glass fiber, has good electrical insulation and mechanical properties, is widely used in the production of glass fiber for electrical insulation, and is also widely used in the production of fiberglass for glass fiber reinforced plastics. Its disadvantage is that it is vulnerable to Inorganic acids attack, it is not suitable for use in acidic environments.
2. C-glass, also known as alkali glass, is characterized by chemical resistance, especially acid resistance is better than non-alkali glass, but poor electrical properties, mechanical strength is lower than the alkali-free glass fiber 10% to 20%, usually abroad Alkali glass fiber contains a certain amount of boron trioxide, while China's alkali glass fiber is completely free of boron. In foreign countries, alkali glass fiber is only used for the production of corrosion-resistant glass fiber products, such as for the production of glass fiber surface mats, also used to enhance asphalt roofing materials, but in China, alkali fiberglass fiber accounted for more than half of the glass fiber production (60%) is widely used for the reinforcement of glass fiber reinforced plastics, as well as the production of filter fabrics, wrapping fabrics, etc., because its personality is lower than that of non-alkali glass fibers and it has a stronger competitiveness.
3, high-strength glass fiber is characterized by high strength, high modulus, its tensile strength of single fiber is 2800MPa, about 25% higher than alkali-free glass fiber tensile strength, elastic modulus 86000MPa, than the strength of E-glass fiber high. The fiberglass products produced with them are used in military, space, armor, and sports equipment. However, because of its high price, it has not been widely promoted in terms of civilian use. The world production is about several thousand tons.
4, AR glass fiber, also known as alkali-resistant glass fiber, is mainly developed for cement.
5, A glass also known as high alkali glass, is a typical sodium silicate glass, due to poor water resistance, rarely used to produce glass fiber.
6, E-CR glass is an improved boron-free alkali-free glass for the production of good acid and water resistance glass fiber, its water resistance than alkali-free glass fiber to improve 7-8 times, acid resistance than alkali glass fiber also It has a lot of advantages and is a new product developed for underground pipelines and storage tanks.
7. D glass, also known as low-dielectric glass, is used to produce low-dielectric glass fibers with good dielectric strength.
In addition to the above glass fiber components, a new type of alkali-free glass fiber has appeared in recent years. It is completely free of boron, thereby reducing environmental pollution, but its electrical insulating properties and mechanical properties are similar to those of conventional E glass. There is also a glass fiber with a double glass composition that has been used in the production of glass wool, and it is also said that it has potential in glass fiber reinforced material. In addition, fluorine-free glass fiber is an improved alkali-free glass fiber developed for environmental protection.
Variety and Application of Fiberglass Products 1. Rovings without rovings are made from bundles of parallel or parallel monofilaments. Rovings based on glass can be divided into: non-alkali glass rovings and medium-alkali glass rovings. The diameter of glass fiber used for producing glass roving ranges from 12 to 23 μm. The number of rovings is from 150 to 9600 (tex). Rovings can be used directly in certain composite process forming methods, such as winding and pultrusion processes. Because of their even tension, they can also be woven into roving fabrics. In some applications, rovings are further chopped. .
(1) Roving without rovings Rovings suitable for fiberglass injection molding should have the following properties: 1 good cutting performance, low static electricity generated when continuous high-speed cutting; 2 non-woven roving after cutting and dispersing into strands High efficiency, that is, high splitting rate, usually more than 90%; 3 chopped after the original silk has excellent overmolding, can be covered in all corners of the mold; 4 resin soaked fast, easy roll and roll Easy to drive out bubbles; 5 original silk drum with good retreat performance, uniform coarse yarn density, suitable for various spray guns and fiber conveying systems. Jet rovings are made from multiple strands of raw silk, each strand containing 200 glass filaments.
(2) SMC Roving SMC is a sheet molding compound, mainly used for pressing automotive parts, bathtubs, water tank panels, septic tanks, and various seats. The SMC roving used in the manufacture of SMC sheet must be cut into lin (25mm) length, dispersed in the resin paste, so the requirements for the SMC roving without roving is good chopped, low hairiness, excellent antistatic properties The chopped thread does not adhere to the knife roll when cutting. For pigmented SMCs, rovings are to be impregnated with resin in high pigmented resin pastes. Usually SMC rovings are generally 2400 tex, and in some cases also 4800 tex.
(3) Winding The roving non-winding method is used to produce various glass fiber reinforced plastics, tanks, etc. The number of winding rovings used is from No. 1200 to No. 9600. Winding large pipes and tanks tends to direct roving, such as direct roving of 4800 tex. The requirements for the roving non-winding rovings are as follows: 1 The ribbon is good and has a flat ribbon shape; 2) The roving has good decompounding properties; it does not detach from the bobbin and does not form a "bird's nest" shape; 3 Uniform tension, no drape; 4 wire density is uniform, generally less than ± 7%; 5 no roving has good permeability, and it is easy to moisturize and penetrate the resin when passing through the resin tank.
(4) Pultruded pultruded pultruded ropes are used to produce a wide range of sections with consistent profiles. They are characterized by high glass fiber content and high strength in one direction. The pultruded rovings can be multifilament yarns combined or direct rovings with a linear density ranging from 1100 to 4400. The various performance requirements are about the same as those for winding a roving.
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