Basic knowledge of distribution transformers

Transformer construction

Transformer, å’‹, coil fuel tank and iron core, oil insulation to heat transfer, heat pipe installed on both sides.

The load-free switch is adjustable in pressure, the porcelain casing is sealed, and the oil-grade oil-temperature respirator is mounted on the upper side of the oil pillow.

Transformer principle

The transformer, the pressure change, the electrokinetic magnetic and magnetic transformation, the primary coil is connected to the electricity, and the secondary coil induces electricity.

Although the two coils are not connected, the closed magnetic circuit has a core, and the larger the current, the thicker the wire, and the voltage turns ratio is positive.

Transformer technical parameters and connection method

The transformer type knows the performance, the technical parameters are used for verification, the voltage and current are no-load flow, and the capacity KVA is rated.

Impedance voltage power loss, no-load loss is P0, 12 types of wiring group, Y, yn0, Y, d11, YN, d11 type.

Transformer voltage adjustment

There are two methods for voltage regulation. There is no load voltage and voltage regulation. The voltage is low and the voltage is low. The tap changer is at high voltage.

The principle of voltage regulation is a flaw, changing the winding coil 匝, each gear is plus or minus 5%, and the pointer is in place.

Distribution transformer installation location selection

The distribution position is determined to ensure that the voltage is the key, the small capacity, and the multiple points are selected at the center of the load.

The high voltage does not exceed 15 kilometers, the low voltage power supply is half a kilometer, and the illumination radius is slightly enlarged, but the maximum is only 1.5km.

Distribution rack mounting form

Outdoor variable platform type three, single pole double pole and three pole, 560 or more transformers, using floor stone bench.

In order to ensure safety, it is best to use indoor change, and the transformer is built at the center point, and the electric voltage is guaranteed.

Transformer protection

The distribution protection is relatively simple, the short-circuit fuse is broken, and the neutral lightning line is grounded. The key is in the lightning eliminator.

Dropped at a height of four or five meters, the slope is not more than 30 degrees, regardless of lightning protection and falling, half a meter between the two.

Estimation of rated current and fuse flow of transformer

The distribution current å’‹ is estimated, the capacity multiplication is simpler, the high voltage is six hundred, and the low voltage is one and a half times.

The fuse selection principle is also selected according to the capacity. The high voltage displacement is the safety, and the low voltage capacity is doubled. The distribution transformer operating system

The earth zero is the standard, the electrical grounding is safe, the distribution is multi-type, TT, TN, and IT.

The TN system is divided into three, TN-S, TN-C, and TN-C-S. The grounding system is chosen by you.

Transformer lightning protection grounding requirements

Lightning protection grounding pole, the smaller the resistance, the better, the eight points of 2.5m angle steel, the spacing of 2 meters is more suitable.

2.5 flat joint connection, one hundred thousand volt-ampere four-ohm meter, less than one hundred transformers, no more than ten euros can be.

Transformer loss (Δp) calculation

The power transformer has a variable loss, the copper loss temperature rises, the core magnetization changes repeatedly, and the hysteresis eddy current is iron loss.

The loss-reducing energy-saving option changes, the "S11" type is the most advanced, and the iron loss is equal. This operation is the most energy-efficient.

Transformer running side by side

The transformer can be juxtaposed, the load size can be adjusted, and the parallel operation has many advantages, and there are four conditions.

The wiring group should be the same, the two ratios are not bad, the short-circuit voltage must be consistent, and the capacity is not more than three to one.

Transformer operation and maintenance

Power electric light transfer station, transformer power distribution power supply, in order to continuously power, distribution maintenance is also the key.

It is patrolled once a week and a half, the maintenance system is guaranteed, the external cleaning is checked, and the safe power supply is the best.

Substation apparent current estimation

Conversion load flow conversion, 15 kW is about 1 amp, three or five thousand volt substation, 1 amp current is fifty.

The voltage level is 110,000, one hundred and sixty is about 1 amp. To get the exact number, please calculate according to the conventional formula.

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